Akhal-Teke

Akhal-Teke horse. Main article: Akhal-Teke

It is a breed related to the extinct Turkmen horse currently raised in Russia and Turkmenistan.Origin

It is raised in the deserts of Turkmenistan since very distant times, naturally in its splendid oasis. 3000 years ago, horse competitions of this type were held in Ahskabad. Little is known about its origin, making it a mythical animal.Characteristics

Akhal-Teke is a racing horse. It has a very thin coat, the skin is too thin, the tail is long and silky hairs, the hind limbs are long and show great power in the hocks, that makes the horse look elegant and of great visuality.History

In 1935, these horses made a trip from Ahskabad, Turkmenistan, to Moscow, covering a distance of 4,154 km in eighty four days. They crossed deserts enduring vicissitudes without demonstrating excessive fatigue. They are very resistant to harsh weather conditions.

Horse breeders in Asia and Europe began to appreciate the Turkmen horse for crosses. It is said that Byerley Turk, one of the founding horses of thoroughbred race, was an Akhal-Teke and that Darley Arabian, another founder, had Turkmen blood in his genetic heritage.Layer

Their cape can be red, black or torda, although they are mainly of an overo hue, that is, brown with white hairs scattered throughout the coat, which shines in sunlight with spectacular metallic reflections.Ele elevation

The ideal elevation of the Akhal-Teke ranges between 150 and 155 cm.

Appaloosa

Appaloosa horse. Main article: Appaloosa Horse

• Country: United States

Characteristics

This horse differs by its speckled fur of various colors and combinations. Males usually have brighter spots and colors than females:

• Leopard: oval spots throughout the layer, with a white or light color background.
• Spotted loin: with the rump and kidneys of light color, with dark spots (it is thought to be the original branch).
• Light back and dark mane, light rump and kidneys on a dark background.
• Snowflake: dark base and white spots throughout the body.
• Drop: dark spots on a white background all over the body.
• Marbled: dark front with white and other colored spots and light back with dark spots.

Great stallions such as “doodle”, “Caribbean”, etc. among many others.

AraApaloosa

Main article: AraAppaloosa

The AraAppaloosa is a breed of horse formed by the crossing of the Arab horse with the Appaloosa horse.

The exterior appearance combines the refined shapes of the Arab race with the leopard coat of the Appaloosa. They are very resistant horses that are very suitable for raids, such as cowboy horses and for contests on the track.

The organization responsible for the breed is the AraAppaloosa and Foundation Breeders’ International (AAFB).

History

The original Appaloosa horses, as raised by the Nez percé and before receiving the current name, were horses with a very characteristic and refined type. The founder of the Appaloosa register, Claude Thompson, used the Arab horses to improve some details of the initial cabin formed from recovered horses. The descendants formed the line of the Appaloosa horses “founders”. Later, being an open record, most Appaloosa horses exchanged the original type for a Quarter horse appearance. The AAFB association considers the AraAppaloosa breed an attempt to preserve or recreate the types of horses raised by Nez percé in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Features

The fur of the AraAppaloosa is leopard or freckle. The height varies between 142 and 152 cm. The type is very similar to that of the Arab horse, with a small and refined head, the tail is alterous and the movements are elegant. Compared to an Appaloosa horse of the Quarter horse type, the AraAppaloosa horse is lighter and more refined.

References

• F. Lynghaug. Horses of Distinction: Stars of the Pleasure Breeds with Exceptional Shine. Horses of Distinction, January 1, 2006, 25–. ISBN 9780977894703 [Consultation: February 1, 2011].
• International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds. University of Oklahoma Press, August 2007, 37–. ISBN 9780806138848 [Consultation: February 1 2011].
• Sarah Maass. The Appaloosa Horse. Capstone Press, 1 September 2005, 14–. ISBN 9780736843720 [Consultation: February 1, 2011].

See also

• Appaloosa
• Arab horse
• Nez percé

External links

• Website with details and a video of an AraAppaloosa horse

Control of authorities	Wikimedia projectsData: Q546030Multimedia: AraAppaloosa

Category:

• Horse breeds native to the United States

It is the horse that results from the crossing of the Appaloosa horse with the Arab horse.

Description

Photo by Heather abounader www.abounaderphoto.com
Date	14 July 2008, 19:18
Source	Half Arabian Ladies Western SidesaddleUploaded by Princess Mérida
Author	Heather Moreton from Louisville, KY, USA

Control de autoridades	Proyectos Wikimedia Datos: Q546030 Multimedia: AraAppaloosa

Arabic

Main article: Arab Horse

The Arab horse is one of the oldest horse breeds in the world and has a reputation for intelligence, strong character and outstanding resistance, all inherited by the living conditions suffered by its ancestors along with the Bedouins in the arid plains of the Middle East, from the Tigris Valley to Yemen. With a distinctively decilined head and tail always raised, the Arabian horse is one of the best-known horse breeds in the world. It has a gray base coat. Legend has it that Allah created these horses with a handful of south wind.

The Arabian horse (P.R.Á) is one of the paid horses and recognized for its beauty, intelligence, cordial temperament, speed (it is the second fastest horse in the world after pure English blood), nobility and friendship towards people and their resistance.

Its physical conditions make this horse one of the best for the different equestrian disciplines, such as raid, jumping, dressage, racing. It is also recommended both for routes and excursions and to have it in a particular block. He is of good character, intelligent, open and can quickly learn all kinds of movements.

It has very characteristic walks thanks to the raised tail, which gives it a “floating” air and distinguishes it from any other breed. They are also widely used for other purposes.

There are several Spanish yeadas, such as “Ses Planes”, “Equus Arabians”, “El Lucero” and “Siglo Arabians”, among many others. They are also famous stallions like “Abha Midas”, “Unicorn”, “Khidar”, “Ali-Bey” or “Gual Xirac” and large mares such as “Lamira”, “Zenobia”, “Arabesca”, etc.

Arabic-Portuguese

• Country: Indonesia.

History

It is believed that the horses arrived on the island 2000 years ago. That primitive race crossed with Portuguese horses in the sixteenth century and with those of Arab race when Islam arrived.Characteristics

Elongated head, short back, thin limbs and large helmets.

Asturcón

Main article: Asturcón (horse)

• Country: Spain (Asturias).

Pony horse, very rustic, from Asturias (abundant in the Sierra del Sueve). Currently there are few specimens left in a semi-wild state. At the moment, it is being tried that the original race does not disappear from its semi-wild state.Characteristics

It is an equine of a height between 115 cm and 128 cm, of black layer, with double bones, rustic, with strong helmets. It is a horse that withstands the inclement weather very well.

In Asturias there is an association to protect the race: Asturcón.

Aveliñés

• Country: Italy.

History

In the area of Bolzano there is a town called Avelengo, which gave name to this horse. The origin of this breed dates back to the Middle Ages, coming from horses of oriental lineage. Officially his birth is dated in 1874, when from the crossing between a Berber stallion and an indigenous mare “Folie” was born, head of lineage of this race. Their breeding is done in the wild.Characteristics

• Plus size pony.
• Height of the cross: from 134 to 144 cm.
• Main layers: light red, with tails and white manes.
• Well-proportioned head, with a straight profile and a white spot on the forehead.
• Short but strong limbs.
• Rounded and also strong rump.
• Fine and shiny hair.
• Very long-lived.
• The pure race has two marks: one on the neck and one on the left thigh. This mark is a stylized drawing of the alpine star with two letters in the center: HI (Haflinger Italia) (Haflinger is the German appeal of Avelengo).

Aztec

Main article: Aztec Horse

• Country: Mexico.

History

After the Mexican Revolution the excessive use of Mexican Creoles for war led them to total extermination, to replace it a new race was introduced with size and strength for field work and charrería, the crossing of a PRE with Quarter Horse resulted in the horse that is now known as the Aztec.

In 1969 the Casa Domecq Mexico, through don Antonio Ariza, organized a visit of 300 Mexican charros to Spain, where a lot of horses and mares of Spanish breed was acquired for Mexico, which promoted the development of the horse of this breed in Mexico. Considering the great fondness for horses that exists in Mexico, the crossing of those Spanish horses with quarter-mile mares of Mexican livestock began immediately, by a group of breeders supported by La Casa Domecq. The first offspring obtained from this cross were named by the charros Caballos de Raza Azteca, the program began by Mr. Manuel Herrera, Director of the Domecq Riders School in Texcoco, State of Mexico, who has continued the program to date. Upon learning of the good characteristics of these horses, the first Association of Breeders of Aztec Breed Horses was constituted in 1974.

The Aztec Race, is the result of selective crosses between purebred Andalusian horses and quarter-mile mares. The Aztec Race inherits from the Andalusian horse, nobility and arrogance, well-populated horsehair and tails, elements that give it great beauty. And of the Quarter Mile race, sweetness, strength and speed, forming a harmony of perfect balance. The bloods that run on the Aztec Race horse, make it magnificent for the charrería, also for rejoneo and for field work and walks. They are horses of great nobility and great beauty.Characteristics

• Noble and cheerful, with the elegance of the Andalusian and the strength and rapid start of the quarter mile.
• Cross height: 150 to 162 cm.
• Main layers: almost all except pintos, appaloosas or güinduris.
• Group: strong.
• Tips: well formed, strong, vigorous and with aplomb.

Albino

• Country: United States
• Height: 150 to 158 cm
• Layers: milky white or creams
• Character: docile and meek
• Physical: It is a horse of recent formation without homogeneous appearance, and that is born with the same layer
• Skills: ideal horse for any type of rider. Very good for work with herds, exhibition exercises and rodeo
• History: it began to be selected as a breed in 1937 but its fame increased considerably after the Second World War and currently its breeding is growing greatly.

Alter Real

• Country: Portugal
• Height: 150 to 160 cm
• Layers: bay, red, black and thrush
• Physical: medium head, with well-distancing eyes, strong neck and powerful body. Compact and harmonious horse, it has very good, well-formed, strong and rigid limbs.
• Skills: it is a good saddle horse and is currently widespread as a horse for high school exercises; although it is used less, its distribution is very wide
• History: it was born from three hundred Andalusian mares taken to Portugal in 1748 to create a new breed.

Anglo-Argentine

• Country: Argentina

History

This breed was born about thirty years ago from the crossing of Argentine Creole mares with English Pure Blood stallions. Currently mares daughters of English thoroughbred stallions are paired with thoroughbred or half-blooded stallions. This horse is raised almost exclusively in Argentina

• Physical: harmonious horse, noble and bony head, strong and well-seated neck; shoulders, rigid, and prominent cross. Thin and powerful limbs.
• Good horse for speed and polo competitions. It travels just over a kilometer and a half in 1m 40 seconds, an exceptional speed.
• It measures from 148 to 160 cm
• bay, red, thrush, black, Elizabethan.

Bardigiano

• Country: Italy

History

It comes more specifically from the Emilian Apennines, the Taro and Ceno valleys. According to them, the first horses that inhabited this area were from Belgian Gaul, in Roman times. Over the centuries and due to the needs of the mountain, they were transformed into a strong and robust breed. During the fifteenth century, an attempt was made to ennoble it, using crosses with Arab horses, with whom an enormous physical resemblance was achieved. World War I dealt a hard blow to this race, which was in serious danger of extinction. Only the efforts made in the last decades of the twentieth century achieved its rehabilitation.Characteristics

• Main layer: bay.
• Cross height: 138 to 146 cm in males and 134 to 144 in females.
• Small head and straight profile.
• Short ears and abundant tufted.
• Powerful and muscular neck.
• Muscular rump and back.
• Jointed limbs, with short cane and page and large and thick joints.

Bardigiano.

Berber

Main article: Berber horse

• Country: Algeria and Morocco.
• History: their origins mix with those of the populations of North Africa, where they have been raised from the beginning. The passage to Europe is made through Spain, where it has been used mainly for the reinforcement and improvement of indigenous races. In Spain it is one of the breeds that gave rise to the appreciated Andalusian horse, in England in thoroughbred English an example of this is St. Victor Barb, Fenwick Barb, Hutton’s Grey Barb and many more. It also has a predominant participation in the formation of most of the races present in the new world. Today it is still used in Morocco for fantasy.

PS: The authentic Berber is in serious danger of extinction.Origin

After the Pure Arab Blood horse, this is the maximum specimen responsible for the creation of the breeds that exist around the world. Its characteristics differ too much from the Arab horse, it is very possible that the Barbary had arisen from some wild horses that survived the era of glaciers, which indicates that this breed already existed since very ancient times and that it has an extremely dominant genetic heritage.Characteristics

The helmets are very narrow, the limbs are thin, which serves to increase their speed in trotting and galloping, it is short-bodied but very strong in its muscles.

The crín like the tail is long and thick, being the rough hair; these horses are well considered, although never as much as the Arabic.History

The Barbary for centuries was the mount par excellence of the Moorish warriors who invaded Spain and France. It is said that the Sultan of Morocco gave horses of this breed to Queen Victoria of England in 1850.

In Morocco they celebrate every year the riders mounted on Berbers in memory of their Muslim ascendants.Layer

The color in general is thrush but it seems that the original layers of the Berber were bay, dark bay and black, but with the incorporation of Arabic blood there is a good proportion of thrush specimens.Ele elevation

The ideal elevation of the Berber is between 145 and 155 cm.Others

• Prominent.
• Main layers: bay, red, black and thrush.
• Long and thin head. With lively eyes.
• Oblique rump, which encourages a rather low tail.
• Solid limbs

Berber.

Breton

Main article: Breton horse

• Country: France.
• History: The Breton horse is a breed of draft horse. It was developed in Brittany, a region of northwest France, with an ancestral native population that goes back thousands of years. The Breton horse was created through the miscegenation of many European and Eastern races. In 1909, a book of origins was created, and in 1951 the book was officially closed. The breed is often brown, and is strong and muscular. There are three different subtypes of the Breton race, all coming from a different area of Brittany. The Breton Corlay is the smallest type, and is generally used for the light project and in chair work. The Breton postire is used for harness and light agricultural work. Heavy Breton is the largest of the subtypes, and is generally used for the most difficult work. It has been used in military and agricultural capabilities. The Breton horse has been used to improve and create many breeds, in addition to being raised to produce mules.

Buckskin

• Country: United States of America.

History

Of little commercial interest, except in the westernmost regions of North America. It is currently raised mainly in California, which is considered its region of origin.Characteristics

• Light griffon main layer with a tendency to yellow or reddish.
• Tail and black mane. It usually also has a black line on the back, from the cross to the tail.
• Height of the cross: from 145 to 155 cm
• Straight head, thin neck and medium length.
• Inclined and strong rump.
• Short and bony limbs, but that have proven to be very resistant.

Buyonny.

Budyonny

• Country: Russia

History

It owes its name to a former Marshal Semyon Budyonny, a cavalry hero during the Russian Revolution who founded the race in the military stables of Rostov. It thus emerged first as a military horse, although in 2007 it is considered one of the most outstanding breeds within the classical dressage. It is worth highlighting the contribution of the English Pure Blood in the formation of this race.Characteristics

• Main layers: black, bay and red.
• Height of the cross: from 150 to 160 cm
• Its body structure, compact and strong, makes it a great saddle horse.
• His body is rounded and harmonious.
• Noble head, with large eyes and small ears.
• His limbs are long and joint.

Basuto

• Country:South Africa
• Height: 140 cm
• Layers: blueberry, thrush, bay and peeps
• Physical: noble head, long neck, straight shoulders, long and accentuated flanks.
• Skills: suitable for chair, cargo and very adaptable for long trips
• History: it derives from Arab horses, as from pure sagre, specimens carried by the East India Company from the end of the eighteenth century. Towards 1830 some specimens were taken to Basutoland (today Lesotho)

Altai Horse

Main article: Altai Horse

Se trata de una raza de caballos muy antigua relacionada y emparentada con los caballos mongoles y huçuls.

El Altái es un caballo pequeño y rechoncho. Tiene una altura de entre 1,30 y 1,40 m y un peso de 350-400 kg. El cuello es corto y la cabeza tiene un perfil bastante recto. Grupa y espalda bien desarrolladas. Los huesos de las espinillas son cortos.

Los pelajes más frecuentes son el negro, el castaño y el rojo. También hay caballos Altái de pelaje leopardo.

Se trata de un caballete (técnica y por la altura un póney) muy fuerte y resistente, muy frugal y que puede sobrevivir a temperaturas muy bajas. Está especialmente adaptado a las zonas montañosas.

Andalusian horse

Main article: Andalusian horse

The Andalusian or Carthusian horse (officially Pure Spanish Breed) is a Spanish horse breed native to Andalusia. It is an Iberian horse of the Baroque type that is among the oldest equine breeds in the world. In Spain it is also commonly known as “Spanish horse” officially called “Pura Raza Española” (PRE), because the Andalusian is considered to be the Spanish horse par excellence, despite the fact that there are many other Spanish equine breeds. However, in most countries it is called “Andalusian horse.”1 The Carthusian horse is one of the most important breeding lines of this breed.

Throughout history the Andalusian horse has played a fundamental role in the formation of European and American equine races, such as the Spanish-Arab, Hispanic-Breton horse, Frisian, Lipizzano, Kladruber, Creole, pure fine step breed, Peruvian passing, mustang, Alter Real and Lusitano.[^{citation required]}

Horse of the twists

Main article: Horse of the twists

The horse of the retuertas is a Spanish equine breed, native to Huelva and more specifically from the Donaña Biological Reserve, which belongs to the CSIC. According to genetic studies, it is the oldest European equine race and the only one that lives in freedom and isolated from other populations.

The horse of the twists is of medium height, stocked and rustic profile, which together with its rough character made it stop being used as a work and load animal. Currently the number of pure specimens is very small, the rest being crosses with Andalusians and Marsmans to varying degrees.

Murgues Horse

• Country: Italy

History

Breed originally from Puglia, in the Italian area of Las Murgues. Its origin is calculated in the fifteenth century. Oriental blood runs through its veins, from the horses from the east that were taken to southern Italy by the Spaniards. In his time, he was considered a magnificent horse for the army. It is currently used as a field horse. Their characteristics are:

• Cross height: 150 to 165 cm for males, and between 146 and 162 cm for females.
• Lively and docile in nature.
• Paused walks, marked by their enormous heaviness.
• Perfect for equestrian tourism.

Merens horse

Main article: Merens Horse

The Merens horse is a breed of horse native to Spain and France, the Eastern Pyrenees that coincides with the French department of Ariege, Andorra, the Cerdaña, recognized as such since January 1, 1998 by the International Reference Register. The letter is granted in France, where they call it “Pony Ariegeoise de Mérens”, and in Spain there is an association (ACCRA) dedicated to its breeding. In Germany it is also a very popular breed. Because its range is more extensive in the French country, it tends to be mistakenly considered more a French than Iberian race.

It is a real horse, and not a pony, of similar characteristics to other breeds from the trunk of the north of the Iberian Peninsula. In general terms it reminds the losino horse, but it is more massive than this one and has curls in the tarsus. The Merens seems to be a mixture of Pottoka or ancient Pyreneantarpanes, with Iberian and Berber horses.1

It is a rustic mountain horse and not of the plateau, so its passage is very firm on rugged terrain. It is also very resistant to inclement weather and lack of food, being therefore a horse widely used by the inhabitants of those regions for its qualities. 

Horse of the Outer Banks

Main article: Horse of the Outer Banks

The Outer Banks horse is a breed of feral domestic horse that lives on the Outer Banks islands of North Carolina (United States). It is a small, robust breed with a docile temperament. The ancestral founding population, which descended from domesticated Spanish horses and was possibly taken to the Americas in the sixteenth century, could have become feral after surviving shipwrecks or being abandoned on the islands by one of the exploratory expeditions led by Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón or Sir Richard Grenville. There are towns in Ocracoke Island, Shackleford Banks, Currituck Banks and Rachel Carson Estuarine Sanctuary.

Iberian horse

Pintura de caballo ibérico.

Se conoce como caballo ibérico a una serie de razas de caballo originarias de la península ibérica, que responden al prototipo de caballo barroco, y cuya domesticación se remonta a la colonización griega. Todas ellas tienen una serie de características más o menos comunes como:

• Alzada media. Ninguna raza ibérica pura supera el 1’65 m de altura a la cruz. Las razas ibéricas oscilan desde el tamaño de una jaca o poni, como la jaca gallega, al de un caballo normal como el lusitano.
• Cuello ancho y ligeramente arqueado. Esta característica resulta más marcada en las razas de mayor alzada.
• Perfil convexo o subconvexo. En algunos tipos, recto, pero nunca cóncavo.
• Crines tupidas. Todas las razas ibéricas tienen crines espesas y ocasionalmente rizadas.
• Formas redondeadas. Esto, junto con el cuello arqueado, define el aspecto barroco. Todas las razas ibéricas suelen tener formas redondeadas y no esbeltas, con la cola insertada baja.
• Capa oscura, oscilando entre el negro y el bayo. La influencia de razas foráneas como el berberisco y el árabe, cambiaron esa tendencia.

En Época Romana, además de caballos salvajes, había en Hispania dos variedades principales: una propia del tercio norte peninsular, de sangre fría, color oscuro y más apropiada para ir al paso o tirar del carro, llamados tieldones o asturcones cuando eran más pequeños, y otra de caballos ligeros, de color más claro y apropiados para la guerra, la caza y las carreras, que correspondía al equus Hispanus o caballo ibérico.^1​

Main article: Iberian horse

Polo horse

This breed is born from the cross between the thoroughbred and the Creole horse making it fast and easy to handle.

Characteristics: it is a docile and easy-to-use horse, very fast while having greater resistance than thoroughbred and easy to tame. It is usually a medium horse. It can be of any layer, the most common being the red.Standard

• Average height: 1.56 meters.
• Average weight: 400 to 500 kilograms.
• Shape: thick body, but muscular and deep.
• Contexture: strong skeleton.
• Temperament: blood.
• Head: well proportioned and dry, with predominantly straight profile and non-cutting and well separated jaws.
• Ears: medium, thin, pointed, well placed.
• Front: wide and wide.
• Eyes: large, clear, full and bright, thin eyelids, lively expression.
• Muzzle: delicate and dilated and flexible pots.
• Neck: long, elegant, well directed and well inserted at its ends.

Previous members

• Palettes: long, inclined and well muscular.
• Arms: long, muscular and well directed.
• Forearms: long, wide and strong.
• Knees: straight, wide and dry.
• Rods: short, wide and dry, thin tendons, strong and well designed.
• Knots: wide, straight, dry and strong.
• Tables: medium, oblique (about 45 °), smooth and strong.

Subsequent members

• Thigh: full, deep and muscular.
• Babilla: wide, strong and protruding.
• Legs: long, wide and muscular.
• GarronesS: straight, deep, broad, dry and smooth.
• Reeds: short, wide and well-limited tendons.
• Knots: wide and strong.
• Quartiles: medium, oblique (about 50 °), dry and strong.

Action

• Step: fast, free and very loose.
• Trot: free, elastic, straight and low action.
• Gallop: vigorous, loose, demonstrating good.

Galician purebred horse

Main article: Purebred Galician horse

Galician Purebred Horse (PRG) (in Galician, Galician Purebred Cabal) is the denomination that officially receives ^1 2 a subtype of horse breedEquus caballus of small size, recognized as the only native equine breed in Galicia (Spain). At the end of the 20th century it was in danger of extinction.³ A program to ensure its recovery and preservation raised its census population to almost 1,300 specimens at the end of 2007.4

Other traditional denominations are Galician mountain horse, ⁵ Gallic horse, Galician faca, ⁶ Galician face7 or besta.

The oldest testimonies that are preserved of the presence of equidae populations in Galicia are found in rupeste representations in the area of Sabucedo, the headband of Ribadeo, where horses mounted next to young and warriors appear, and the petroglyphs of Viladesuso, with representations of horse-drawn carts and Campo Lameiro, in the Sierra de A Groba, dating from the Bronze Age period6 from 2500 BC. C. to 2000 a. C.

The most accepted theory about the origin of the purebred Galician horse maintains that it was the Celtic peoples who arrived in the north of the Iberian Peninsula around the seventh century BC. C. and sixth century BC. C. who introduced a specimen, with a small head and short ears, strong rump, and coarse dark hair. These Gallic or Galician horses from the northern peninsula, other than ponies or asturcones, refer to classical authors such as the poets Gracio and Silio,⁸ in addition to Strabo, Martial and Pliny, and also from the medieval era of the Reconquest, where horse breeding was strongly associated with the colonizing activity of the monasteries established during the tenth and eleventh centuries.⁹ This common trunk was differentiated by the environmental conditions and the intervention of miscegenation processes giving rise to the various breeds related to the Galician that extend through the European Atlantic facade from Portugal to Scotland and Iceland.

Despite traditionally living in freedom in the mountainous areas of the Galician relief, mainly in groups or herds, the Galician horse was exploited by human activity in ancient times as a combat animal, and later destined for mountaineering and rural work, being to a lesser extent, due to the characteristics of its meat, its use for meat production and consumption.

With the mechanization of agriculture and the preferential interest in increasing the population of animals destined for the meat industries, in the last decades of the twentieth century the population of genetically pure wild horses was decreased as a result of miscegenation processes. In this context, towards the end of the 1980s, at the initiative of various international organizations such as the United Nations and FAO or the then EEC, various initiatives aimed at the protection and conservation of endangered domestic breeds were promoted in the agrarian policy bodies.⁶

Catalan horse

Main article: Catalan horse

The Catalan horse was an extinct breed of horses that had been typical of Catalonia. Its origin was remote and was related to the horses of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, being the ancestor of the Mallorcan horse and the Menorcan horse, and it was of black fur.

The Catalan horse was an extinct breed of horses that had been typical of Catalonia. Its origin was remote and was related to the horses of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, being the ancestor of the Mallorcan horse and the Menorcan horse, and it was of black fur.

It became extinct towards the first third of the twentieth century merging with hypermetric draft horses such as the Bretons, those of Comtois and those of the Ardennes, giving rise to the current Pyrenean Hypermetric Grouping. Currently, the Catalan Shooting Horse Association promotes the recovery of the breed from the few dozen animals that maintain the characteristics of this breed.

Mallorcan horse

Main article: Mallorcan horse

The Mallorcan horse is a horse breed typical of the island of Mallorca.

It has its origin in the southern horses of the Iberian Peninsula. He is a close relative of the Menorcan horse and the Catalan horse, the latter already extinct. It also has some characteristics surely obtained from horses in the north of the peninsula such as the coat of fur and its color.

There are currently about 150 copies. It was recognized as a breed in 1988 by the Horse Breeding Headquarters of the Ministry of Defense.

Its original use had been in field work but is currently raised for horseback riding and the high price it has makes it foresee the preservation of the breed.

Marismeño horse

Main article: Marismeño horse

horse of the GUIDO family

The marsman horse is a variety of Spanish maroon and semi-maroon horse, native to the natural space of Doñana, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is officially recognized as an endangered horse breed.

Like other Iberian horses, the Marsman has rounded shapes, subconvex profile, arched neck and low tail. The cape is usually torda or chestnut and the elevation similar to that of the Andalusian horse. In fact, the Marsman horse can be considered in many ways as a rustic variety of the Andalusian horse, so it may be an ancestor of this one. Their hoofs and hoofs are wider, which facilitates transit through wetlands, and their manes less thick and striking than those of the Andalusian horse. Its rusticity is due to natural selection, not human selection.

Its owners value this horse for its ability to work, adapt, courage, which makes it very useful for field work and suitable for cowboy dressage, it is very resistant to diseases and does not require much food.

Marwari Horse

Main article: Marwari (horse)

• Country: India

It measures 140 to 145 cm, and its layers can be thrush, red chestnut and peeps. This horse is characterized by its crescent-shaped ears.

The Marwari are native to India, specifically from the Marwar region. It is also believed that they may have an ancient ancestry of Arab horses and Mongolian horses. One of the most famous specimens of the breed was Chetak or Cetak, the “blue” stalon, which saved the life of its owner in a battle. In 1999 the government of India banned the export of any breed native to India, because there were fewer and fewer pure specimens of both Marwaris and Kathiawaris. Most were poor crosses between Arabs or between Marwaris and Kathiawaris and given this the race was on the verge of extinction. Currently, 21 horses of this breed have been imported since until 2006 the government of India allowed their export under license. Today very few specimens are found outside the country, only a few are in France and Spain and the descendants of the 21 horses exported are in the United States.

Marwari horses are of an average height of 152-163 cm. Animals from different regions have very variable heights ranging from 142 cm to 173 cm. The profile of the head is straight, similar to that of an American chair. The ears are relatively long and turned inward, with the tips in contact. The neck is slender and elongated, rooted in a wide chest and with fairly straight shoulders. Generally, the back is elongated and the rump falls. The limbs are rather thin. The nails are small and well formed.

The coats are very varied. Apart from the four “fundamental” (black, brown, chestnut and sor), they can be diluted single cream (pumps, bay, cream, …) or double (cream, pearl, black-cream, brown-cream). There are also stained coats. All the above coats, if the horse has a stained “pattern” in its genome, have added white spots.

On equal terms, liart horses are the most precious, followed by stained horses. The singular white marks, the white spots on the face or Bausan, are considered to bode well. Conversely (according to unconfirmed sources) black coats are associated with bad luck. Horses with “white” coats seem not to be admitted in the breed’s herd book, a contradiction surely begun in previous times when many details of the genetics of coats were ignored. “White” coats can be diluted homozygous cream (inevitable if the cream dilution is accepted as pure breed) or “extreme white stains” (less fecential than the previous ones but possible among the stained patterns). The decision not to admit “white” horses is even less understandable, considering that “white” horses are raised expressly in India for religious reasons (“Ashvamedha”).

Marwari horses are resistant and frugal. Of great rusticity, they can be raised without special care with a reduced diet. As for character, his proverbial courage is often associated with a difficult temperament.

The Marwari are very similar to the Kathiawaris, another breed in India, with which they share history and characteristics (physical and psychic). Physical differences are limited to height, lower in the Kathiawaris, and small facial details since the Kathiawari tends to have a head similar to the Arabic. The geographical origin is different.

The Marwari usually have a natural amblador step called revaal, aphcal, rehwal gold. Marwari’s breeders pay a lot of attention to the whirlpools of the coat. They consider that their shape and position indicate hidden qualities or defects. Horses with long swirls around their necks call them devman and those with spiral swirls below anusudhal eyes. The former are supposed to be beneficial and the others quite the opposite. The whirlpools in the ankle joints, above the page, are considered carriers of victory. Some parts of the horse must have the correct proportions, based on the width of a finger (assessed at 5 barley grains).

Skills: good rustic mount, although its character makes it difficult to assemble

Menorcan horse

The Menorcan horse is a horse breed typical of Menorca. Its existence is very old and it is an example of race preserved over the centuries. It has its origin in the southern horses of the Iberian Peninsula. He is a close relative of the Mallorcan horse and the Catalan horse, the latter already extinct.

It is a race that has always been appreciated, both for the field or for horseback riding. It has never been in real danger of extinction, since they have been used in the festivities of Sant Joan for two hundred years, long before they were stopped being used for field work. He was recognized as a breed in 1988 by the Horse Breeding Headquarters of the Ministry of Defense. Currently, its Genealogical Book and its official Conservation and Improvement Program are managed by the Association of Breeders and Owners of Menorcan Breed Horses, with more than 3,000 specimens counted and the figure is increasing each year, with an average of 150 births per year.

Due to the popularity of the Patron Saint Festivals of Menorca, in which horses are the great protagonists, their external demand has greatly increased and their owners are dedicated to the sale of foals, both at the island level and abroad, with France, Italy and the Netherlands being the main external nuclei. However, given the insular character of the breed and because it has a distribution area in principle very restricted, the breeders of the Menorcan horse intend to focus the production of more horses of this breed for other purposes besides the exhibition in shows and popular celebrations, which also have a limited demand.

That is why the race is currently focusing on other similar purposes, highlighting in particular its participation in sports events for the disciplines of Classical Dome and Menorcan Dressage. Currently the breed is being selected to obtain horses always of black cape, of greater elevation to the original and qualities of conformation and functionality adequate to stand out in the events in which they participate.

Morab horse

Main article: Morab

The Morab breed is a breed of horses developed from the Arab and Morgan breeds.

The crossing of Arab horses and Morgan horses began in the 1880s with the aim of creating a breed of light draft horses, suitable for hooking up to carriages and doing moderate work on farms.

The modern Morab, a continuation of the original qualities obtained, combines power and elegance. It is an attractive animal and suitable in exhibition competitions, as mounted as it is hooked. And very suitable as a family horse on leisure horse riding or as a work horse. The first Morab record dated 1973. Before its creation the Morabs were raised by type and the genealogy was privately noted. Many Morab horses were registered in the American Morgan Horse Association, with an open herd book, and were incorporated into the Morgan breed.

Press magnate William Randolph Hearst was a passionate breeder of Morab horses and is awarded the invention of the name “morabito”, a combination of the denominations of the founding breeds (MOR organ-ARABIAN) in English.

The background of the Morab race is theoretical. In 1857, the renowned horse expert D. C. Lindsley published a study in which he recommended crossing Arab mares in the event that Thoroughbred Morgan mares could not be obtained. (The title of the study is unclear whether it is “The Morgan Horse” or “Morgan Horses”). The way forward for future Morab was indicated.

From the market point of view, at a time when horses had a strong utilitarian aspect, the main objective of breeders was light draft horses. Good joggers that could be hooked to buggies for quick trips, with the addition of elegance.

One of the Morgan-Arab cross horses was Golddust, a trotter of unbeatable qualities and victorious on the tracks and contests. As a stalon it generated 302 foals. And more than 100 current Morab horses are his descendants.

In the 1920s, press tycoon William Randolph Hearst began a breeding program for marabito from Arab horses and Morgan that he also raised in purebred programs. He is considered the author of the term Morab.

The Hearst marabouts turned out to propping up Arabs of Crabbet origin (Crabbet Arabian Stud | Crabbett-Bred) with Morgan mares. The resulting products were considered excellent as cowboy horses to work in difficult terrain. (Ms. Mrs. William Randolph Hearst II wrote it in his work Horses of San Simeon. He also mentioned some figures: 110 horses registered with the AMHA, 18 of which were Morab.

Another Morab breeding program was that of the Swenson brothers in Stamford (Texas) at their SMS Ranch. From two Morgan foals, seven Morgan mares and three Arab stallions, they got very remarkable Morab horses.

A third program was that of Martha Doyle Fuller in Clovis (California), started in 1955. With the aim of raising a horse suitable to compete in exhibition contests as he designated as “Morab type”.

Purebred Chilean Horse

Main article: Chilean horse

• Country: Chile.

History

His genealogy originates from the first horses arrived at the viceroyalty of Peru. Inscribed since 1893, this Chilean breed is equivalent to the oldest registered horse breed in South America. It is also the dairy breed that has the oldest record in all of America. He is currently raised massively in Chile for rodeo competitions.Characteristics

• Cross height: 138 to 148 cm for Males and 136 to 146 cm for Females.
• Features specialized muscles for speed and adaptation for life in mountainous areas
• Its helmets are strong and its double layer of hair makes it very adaptable to cold climates as well as to warm and dry.
• It is one of the few breeds capable of rotating in more than 360o only on its hindquarters, giving it immense maneuverability.

Chilote

Main article: Chilote horse

Origin: Chile

The chilote horse or mampatto, is a pony-type horse breed, typical of the Chiloé Archipelago.

It originated from Iberian horses that the Spanish conquerors introduced to Chile in the 16th century. The specimens of that time were small elevation and very rustic, different from the large elevation specimens of the current Andalusian horse, considered par excellence the Spanish breed of horse. These small animals were preferred because they required less food during the journey to America.

Among its possible ancestors are the ancient Andalusian horses, the Asturias asturcones and the Galician ponies.

It is believed that the ancestors of the Chilote horse arrived on the islands after 1598, along with the inhabitants of Osorno fleeing the Mapuche rebellion. After 1598, Chiloé was separated from the rest of the country, until annexation to Chile in 1826. Thus, for more than two centuries these horses remained isolated from other breeds and provided services as means of transport and cargo in marshy or stony terrain and under a cold and rainy climate regime. In these conditions of isolation, there were few changes in their appearance, except those caused by the pressure of selection exerted by peasant communities to have animals suitable for their purposes.

They are small elevation animals: the standard of the breed allows a maximum of 125 cm in height to the cross (place of union between the neck and the spine), with an ideal between 113 and 121 cm. They can be of any color, however, among the animals registered in the breed the chestnut predominates followed by white.

Colombian Creole

Colombian of Trot and Gallop.

• Country: Colombia.

This Race develops in Colombia in its four forms, called “Modalities” or gaist.

• Colombian
• Pure Colombian Trail
• Trocha and Gallope reunited Colombian
• Colombian Trot and Gallop
• Layers: Any except the pinto, white spots that go up the knee or hock, or that touch one or more eyes, cross the lips or nose, disqualify the specimen from competition.
• Qualities: Brio, Nobility, smooth gaited, ideal for pleasure and stock horse work such as cowboys (trotting and galloping modality). The elevation of Creole horses is between 1.36 m and 1.50 m.
• Colombian Creole horse, galloper trochador.

Some famous horses

1. Colombian fine step: Virginia storm (5 times world champion), Jeweler III, Sweet dream of Lusitania, Amadeus, Capuchin, Maraquita the rose, Sinner of mint, Bribon of San Isidro, Tartaro del Encuentro, Stained glass, Heritage of 8, :Resorte IV, The Astro.
2. Pure Colombian trail: Tupac amaru, Pearl Tango (bi-time world champion), Message of St. Stephen, Electron of the orange trees, the Arch, Prodigy of Mary Rose, Onyx of the alhambra, Charm, Wonder of the: Mercedes, Carrilera of the little waterfall, Anaconda, Pampering of the Charterhouse.
3. Colombian trout and gallop: my delirium of Christian villa, rosary of Isabella, monarch, flash of the orange trees, Baru, Vendabal of San Luis, Cleopatra, Brother sun of villa milena, privilege of altomira Bucefalo back big.
4. Colombian trot and gallop reunited: Favorite of palo santo, Novel, Adventurer of the farmhouse, Consul II, Napoleon, Magnificent of the guacas, Luisa de la ceiba, the Gala, Pampering of the marqueza, Arafat of the point.

Costa Rican Paso Horse

• Country: Costa Rica.

History

Far descendant of the Barbary through low-rise and light horses, brought to the country during the Conquest. By the closed. Fine skin, short hair, fine mane on the neck and tail.

Despite having found vestiges of the primitive horse through the fossils discovered in North and South America, the origin of our horse, like other American breeds, this based on the mares brought by the Spaniards after the discovery of America, when the horse returns to this continent.Racial pattern of the Costa Rican horse passing throughGeneral characteristics

Medium linen type, with a straight or slightly convex profile; bright airs and of extreme elegance, with high movements, excellent action and great energy.Morphological characteristics

• Head of medium length, wide at the base, with well-developed jaws tuning towards the muzzle, medium-sized ears, well placed, agile and thin; straight profile (not slightly carnate or slightly convex as accepted at the beginning), wide forehead, well-defined orbital arcades large, separate, very expressive and placed low eyes. Windows of the nose wide open in action; small and collected belfos.
• Medium-long and flexible arched neck, wide at the base and tuning towards the head forming a sharp arch in the throat and in the upper line; with excellent insertion to the head and trunk.
• Fine cross and not very high.
• Well-developed trunk, of medium size, with wide ribs and flank in harmony with the dorsal line; muscular and deep chest, proportionate to the width; back with good decline and long, slightly saddled back, strong, short, well attached to the cross; short and strong back, well attached to the back and bottom with which it must maintain perfect harmony overall; deep ventral line, with greater amplitude in the females.
• Wide, long and well developed width, slightly rounded. Tail with medium implantation, in extended and successful action. Well-plombed and medium-long limbs, helmets proportionate to the body, hard, rounded and well placed, without deviations.
• Anterior limbs; arms and elbows with good bone and muscle development; long and strong forearms, with good muscle and bone development; well-highlighted and flat knees; medium to long reeds, with strong bones, prominent and separate tendons, dry and strong offal; medium-long, oblique, strong, sharp and flexible pages.
• Forextremities; long and well muscled thigh, strong, firm and muscular leg, with good angle, wide, strong, dry and parallel hocks, neither very open nor very closed, strong and dry offal, medium-long, oblique, strong, sharp and flexible garters that allow a powerful push and elevation of the posteriors in advance, which in full movement is appreciated because they manage to crush the footprint of the previous ones. Likewise, the forelimbs are of good muscle development and bone strength, with prominent tendons and oblique, sharp and flexible pages, allowing a natural elevation that distinguishes.
• Fine menes in the neck and tail. Fine skin with short hair.
• Color: Any layer of hair except the pinto of closed spots. If the overo is accepted and dripping if they come from registered parents.

As for the elevation, a desirable range is established which does not exclude individuals (pure, purified or foundation) who may be outside the range, depending on the valuation of their other valuable characteristics.

• Minimum elevation to the cross: Males 148 cm. (58.5″), Females 146 cm. (57.50″) minimum.
• Maximum elevation to the cross: Males 156 cm (61.50″), Females 152 cm (60.00″) maximum.

Creole horse

Main article: Creole horse Gated Creole mare.

• Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay.

There are breeder associations in each of these countries, grouped in the FICCC – International Federation of Creole Horse Breeders. In Chile there are no Associations or Federations of Creole Horses, since this denomination corresponds to a type of team of multiple origins, which crossed freely in the plains of Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay. In the Chilean case, the Atacama Desert, the Andes Mountain Range and the Pacific Ocean, were natural barriers that prevented the free crossing of breeds and gave rise to a horse with homogeneous morphology and functionality, and gymnastic conditions very different from the American Creole.History

It dates back to the 16th-century Spanish horse, which had a strong Berber influence and were considered the best horses in Europe. Then released for different reasons, four centuries of natural selection forged unbeatable conditions of rusticity, resistance and adaptation to hostile natural environments in the Creole horse.Characteristics

Eumetric and mesoform (measures and medium forms). Its type corresponds to that of a saddle horse, balanced and harmonious. Well muscled and of strong constitution, with its low center of gravity. Good foot and loose walks, agile and fast in their movements. Active, energetic and docile, its racial characteristic is defined by its rusticity, longevity, fertility, endurance, courage, resilience and aptitude for livestock work.

• Biometrics – Size: Ideal 1.44 m. The maximum fluctuations for males will be between 1.40 m and 1.48 m and can be accepted as an exception up to 1.50 m and not less than 1.38 m. Upon resolution of admission jury or acting inspector. Females 2 cm. Less.- Chest perimeter: ideal 1.78 m. Females 2 cm. More.- Perimeter of the rod: ideal 0.19 m. Females 1 cm. Less. The fluctuations of the measurements must be in due harmony with those indicated for the size.
• Furs: With the exception of “painting” and “tobiano” all coats are accepted, taking the gradual elimination of animals with an advanced tendency towards depigmentation and albinism.
• Head of preferably straight or subconvexilinear profile. Overall short, light, with a wide base and a fine vertex proportionally a lot of skull and little face to remain its bangs can be trimmed but not removed is part of its morphology. Wide and rather flat front. Carrillos highlighted and separated from each other lively and expressive eyes, small ears, wide at their base, separated and parallel. Medium pots. The head must denote racial purity, character and natural sexual differentiation between males and females.
• Neck of enough long flexibility. Muscled in its upper insertion with the head. Slightly convex in its upper line and straight in the lower one. Its axis will join the trunk at an almost right angle with the paddles.
• Trunk seen from the side, deep from the cross to the cinchera and from the front, oval in shape. Good development on its perimeter and near the ground. Moderately arched ribs and open down and backwards. Wide belly, insensitively continuing the inner profile of the chest.
• Medium-length spine, strong, strong, firm and wide and muscular towards the back. Gently attached to the cross and kidney with which it will form a correct upper line.
• Medium-wide chest, muscular, and well descended. The breastbone will be located approximately in the middle of the animal’s elevation.
• Group of good length and muscular, of medium width and gently inclined. View of the posterior, rounded, without bone bumps or perceptible clefts.
• Short and robust limbs.

All these characteristics give the Creole horse a great resistance to fatigue. Annually in Argentina and Uruguay endurance races are carried out in which 750 km are traveled in 15 days, eating the animals only natural grass, and without receiving medical treatment of any kind.

In addition, functional tests and morphological exposures are performed.

Camargués

Camargue horses.

• Country: France

History

An ancient breed of horse that has inhabited the swamps in the Rhone River delta for centuries. Horses were used by the Phoenicians, the Romans and the Gallens. It is an antecedent to the horses; Chilean, Creole, and Jaca after migrating to the Iberio peninsula. Today most are used by the Gardians (The Cowboys of the same Camargue) to haunt the black Camarguean Bulls to be used in the Bullfighting in southern France.Characteristics

• It has a strong resistance against fatigue.
• Color: Grey.
• Height: From 1.35 meters to 1.50 meters.

Darashouri

• Country: Iran
• History: it comes specifically from the province of Fars. The truth is that very little is known about its authentic origins and, since always, it has been raised without special care for maintaining the characteristics of the breed. It can only be assured that among his predecessors is the Arab horse, from which he inherited part of his appearance (easily recognizable) and some of his character.
• Characteristics
  • Its main layers are red, bay and black.
  • Height of the cross: around 150 cm
  • Horse of great agility.
  • Despite its appearance of lightness, it has always demonstrated an incredible strength, inherited from the Arab horse.
  • Its appearance is noble and elegant.

Don

• Country: former Soviet Union

History

He was selected as a military horse in 1700 and since then he has barely suffered mixtures. The few he has experienced have been with specimens of thoroughbred and Turkmenians.Characteristics

• Main layers: red, bay and thrush.
• Height of the cross: around 150 cm
• Medium-sized head, with a straight profile and small ears.
• Long and straight neck.
• Wide chest.
• Long and resistant limbs.
• Its appearance in general is that of a robust and strong horse.

Dülmener Wildpferd

• Country: Germany

History

The wild horse of Dülmen is the only horse in Germany that lives (semi-)wild. Described the first time in the year 1360. In the herd live about 350 heads on 400 hectares; outside the herd in some small hoofs about 40; that is why it is described as a breed at serious risk of extinction.Characteristics

• The body is robust, the legs short and the head large. The mane and tail are long and dark, while in the coat of the rest of the body it is short or medium, cinderella color except on legs and nose, darker. They usually show the dark-haired “mular line” that runs along the back of wild horses.
• Average height: between 120 and 140 m

Falabella

• Country: Argentina

The horse Falabella is originally from America crosses of an Argentine Creole stallion with dwarfism and “petiza” mares of the Pampas, from the ranch of Mr. Falabella, from whom he acquired his name. Later blood is added from breeds such as Shetland, which harms the breed because it gives the appearance of deformed specimens with large heads and trunks.characteristics

• Head provided
• Hearty men and tails
• The layers are diverse finding the berry, the black, white and among the most sought after are the torda, the alazana and the appaloosa
• Their hocks are delicate and together.
• The elevation ranges between 70 cm and 83 cm to the cross, rarely finding a horse of lower elevation or greater but never exceeding 86 cm in height on the cross.

French chair

Main article: French chair

• Country: France

History

Its history is very recent, having been designed for its mainly sporty use. In fact, it has been officially recognized as a race in France since 1958 and was not in the rest of Europe until the early 1970s]]. Despite being a young race, it derives from other very old ones, such as the Anglo-Norman, the thoroughbred and the hunter.Characteristics

• Main layers: red and bay.
• Cross height: 160 to 175 cm
• Powerful aspect, being able to place it between Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Arabic.
• Nice head and strong neck.
• Solid limbs and equipped with good muscles (optimal for jumping practice).

Freiberg

• Country: Switzerland

History

It is a relatively recent breed that derives from the old Swiss work horse “Franches Montagnes” and stallions of Arab origin (especially the Shagya).Characteristics

• Main layer: thrush and red.
• Height of the cross: from 150 to 160 cm
• Medium head of Arabic type, large eyes and wide pots.
• Short and straight ears.
• Wide chest, short back and powerful kidneys.
• Smooth and strong limbs.

Frisian.

Frisian

Main article: Frisian (Horse)

• Country: Netherlands

History

It descends from the primitive horses of the European forests and today it breeds in the Dutch region of Friesland, surrounded by sea, where it is highly appreciated and admired. It turns out to be a very balanced horse, to this it is due to occupy a preferential place in the history of equine races and the human being. The Frisian influenced the Great English draft horse, the Shire through a derivative of his, the Old Black English as well as the Norwegian Dale Gudbrandsdal. The ancient Romans already knew the Frisian and considered it a powerful working animal, even though they did not judge it too beautiful. A thousand years later he would have to improve his appearance and demonstrate his usefulness as a strong, docile and resistant horse, suitable for very diverse tasks, serving as transport and later he would take part in the Crusades.Characteristics:

• The mane of the tail and neck are very thick and abundant, sometimes they may or may not both be braided or somewhat wavy. Of the head we can say that it is quite long and is provided with small ears, which are always upright and elegant, characteristic of its great docility and excellent temperament.
• Character: They are very quiet and have a lot of presence, so they make it a perfect animal for shooting. It has also been used in the circus as a result of its black coat, its majesty and its impressive carving. Formerly it was the war horse of the Germans, which has been improving through various crosses, especially with Andalusian horses. The places where it is most appreciated is in the Netherlands and Belgium.
• Fur: black.
• Ele elevation: the ideal ranges between 150 cm and 155 cm to more

Gelder

• Country: Netherlands

History

It derives from a large number of different crosses with horses of the most diverse breeds: Andalusians, Normans, Frisians, hackney. Crosses made until the end of the 19th century and that gave rise to the Gelder breed that we know today.Characteristics

• The layer is red or thrush
• Its elevation is between 155 and 170 cm
• The head is somewhat heavy, with intelligent and very vivid eyes.
• Muscular shoulders.
• High tail, not elegant.
• Short limbs.
• Rounded and hard helmet.
• Harmonious and high walks, typical of a carriage horse.

Gotland.

Gotland

• Country: Sweden

History

It is believed to be the oldest of the Scandinavian races. Probably their ancestors were wild horses from Mongolia (tarpans). In another time, farmers used them for light shooting work and as a means of transport.Characteristics

• Main layers: brown, black, bay or palomino, although many of the remaining colors also appear.
• They usually have a red or thrush dorsal stripe.
• Its elevation is 120 cm
• Easy to handle, agile, good for jumping and appropriate as horses for children.

Hackney

It is an English breed developed from two older breeds: the Norfolk trot and the Yorkshire Roadster. Both were very heavy working horses, the current Hackney, however, is more delicate thanks to the crossing with the English thoroughbred. He usually participates in hitch exhibitions. Due to its light and compact constitution, it gives the impression of possessing great energy. He has a lot of vitality and moves agilely, throwing his front limbs into each stride.Haflinger.

Haflinger

• Country: Austria

History

He grew up for the first time in the Tyrolean mountains. Their ancestors were, on the one hand, native Tyrolean horses and, on the other, Arab horses. At first it was used as a pack horse and light shooting horse in the mountains, where it is currently popular for taking tourists on excursions.Characteristics

• Elft: mares between 132 and 143 cm and stallions between 134 and 143 cm.
• Layer: all shades of red, with white or blonde mane and tail. They may have white marks.
• Slightly concave head, with large eyes and small ears.

Hanoverian.

Hanoverian

Main article: Hanoverian

• Country: Germany

Characteristics

• Main layers: chestnut, red, dark brown.
• Ele elevation: between 154 and 178 cm.
• Flat head and strong complexion.

Holstein

• Country: Germany

History

He has lived in the marshy lands of Schleswig-Holstein since the fourteenth century. At first it was a heavy, strong horse. Since the 19th century it has been raised successively with lighter and more refined breeds.Characteristics

• Height of the cross: 160 to 170 cm.
• Elegant head, strong hindquarters and short legs.
• Intelligent and versatile character.
• It is used for riding, but for competition it is too big.

Ibero-American

• Country: Costa Rica

History

The Ibero-American horse has been constituted as a breed product of the crossing between a Purebred Spanish horse and a Costa Rican/Peruvian step mare or a Costa Rican/Peruvian Paso horse with a Purebred Spanish mare. They originated in the 1960s when they were known as “casts.” Eng. Rene Bequillard was the first to discover the result of this crossing. RB Jupiter and RB Sovereign were one of the first specimens of this breed in formation.Characteristics

• Blood type: warm.
• Height: 60 inches (152 cm) is the minimum for a male at 3 years of age; 59 inches (150 cm) is the minimum for a female at 3 years of age.
• Colors: All layers except albino, pinto or overo. Any type of mask and footwear are allowed.
• Climate & Environment: temperate climate.
• Main uses: Pleasure and exhibition chair.
• Temperament: Active and energetic.
• Description: Head preferably straight; balanced body conformation; arched neck, slightly long and pyramidal in shape; wide, deep and muscular chest; rump of medium length and amplitude, rounded on the buttocks, slightly inclined.

At present this athletic horse with more than 61 inches of elevation, with energetic and forceful diagonal jogging movements but with a soft seat, has made this beautiful animal firmly positioned today in the international markets of saddle breed horses.

The breeds authorized for the formation of Ibero-American are: Costa Rican de Paso, Peruvian Paso Horse, Purebred Spanish and Lusitano, having to comply with the Pattern of the Race fully as well as possess a minimum of 25% Iberian blood.

Irish Cob

• Country: Ireland

History

The horse of this type Irish Cob has long been known in Ireland and Great Britain under different names, such as Irish Cob, Traditional Cob, Coloured Cob, Gypsy Cob, or only Gypsy, and Tinker among others. In 1998 the Irish Cob Society Ltd. was founded, which keeps the Irish Cob’s genealogical register of horses. The Irish Cob Society Ltd. aims to protect, save, maintain and improve the Irish Cob breed, in its traditional form and type.

In Spain, the association for the breeding of these horses, the Irish Cob Society Spain, approved by The Irish Cob Society Ltd. as a subsidiary, tries to promote the Irish Cob breed, in its traditional form and type, as a native Irish breed.Characteristics

The Irish Cob is a compact and very strong horse, solidly constituted by impressive bones and a highly developed muscle. It is a very versatile horse to develop any activity at an amateur level and leisure. Some Irish Cob horses seem more beefy than others. The Irish Cob is a very well balanced and proportioned horse, straight and quadratic and offers an impressive picture. When presented and above all on the move, the Irish Cobs must combine their beauty and uniqueness thanks to their unique action, their long and abundant hair, their cernea pigs and the diversity in possible colors and layers.

• Size/height: In the Irish Cob’s home book, horses with a size less than 170 cm are mainly allowed. But the original Irish Cob horse is between 138 cm and 158 cm; horses outside that size are allowed, that is, smaller than 138 cm or larger than 158 cm, if the horse meets all the characteristics of the breed, but is no longer the original type. The traditional size is between 145 cm and 150 cm.
• Main layers: all, solids, and pious: Tobiano, Piebald, Skewbald, Sabino, Overo; there are other layers: Palomino, Blagdon, Appaloosa; in addition to special layers (Ruano, Silver Dapple)
• Very abundant hair and tail, also on the legs and are called (feathers or kegs) these long hairs start from the pages to cover the helmet.
• Eye color can be black, light blue, hazelnut, or one of each color.

Irish Hunter

• Country: Ireland

History

For several years it has been raised in four different types:

• Heavy Hunter: son of a thoroughbred stallion and a draught mare.
• Middle hunter: son of a thoroughbred stallion and a heavy female hunter.
• Light hunter: son of a thoroughbred stallion and a medium female hunter.
• Little Hunter: son of a thoroughbred stallion and a female mare connemara.

Characteristics

• Main layer: bay, red, black and thrush.
• Cross height: between 145 (small size) and 180 cm (large size).
• Coming from a series of crosses (it is not an authentic race), it does not have a homogeneous appearance, although in general we can say that it presents a harmonious, powerful and well-proportioned image.

Icelandic

Icelandic horse.

• Country: Iceland

History

The Icelandic horse is by its origins a mountain pony, which can withstand very harsh conditions, has been used for centuries as a pack horse and for riding. He lives in a half-wild state, surviving the harsh winters with fodder.Characteristics

• Cross height: 125 to 145 cm
• Large head, compact body, strong legs, and large hoofs.
• Intelligent, and docile.
• It is mainly used for riding, and circus.
• Specialty: very comfortable walk: Tölt and Pass – The step (see the description in Peruvian Pass).

Jaca Navarra

• Country: Spain

Jaca Navarra is an equine breed from the foral community of Navarra.

Jomud

Main article: Jomud

• Country: Turkmenistan

It comes from the old Turkmen horse.

Jomud horses are very old. They were developed by the Jomud tribe in the oasis of Tashauz (Daşoguz, “stone fountain” in Turkmen) from Turkmen horses in a similar way to the Akhal-Teke. In the course of the fourteenth century the breed was influenced by Arab horses. In the following centuries there were contributions from Kazakh, Mongolian, Turkmen and Akhal-Teke horses. In 1983, with the aim of preserving the breed, some yeguadas were created. From an initial figure of 149 mares, it was intended to maintain a breeding nucleus of the order of 250 mares, sufficient to maintain genetic viability. A stop was also founded in the Kyzyl-Atrek district.

Karabakh

• Country: Azerbaijan

History

It is a very old breed, of oriental origins, which has been raised since the sixteenth century in the mountains of Karabakh. Karabakh has contributed to the creation of other races, as in Don. Relatively recently it was exported to England, where it is crossed with Arab stallions.Characteristics

• Main layers: brack, bay and red.
• Height of the cross: approximately 145 cm
• His head is small and thin, with his forehead flattened and his eyes large and nice.
• Strong and elegant neck.
• Compact and strong body.
• Thin, hard and smooth limbs.

Kentucky mountain

• Country: United States

These horses are resistant to boneless medium. The registry promotes breeding of excellent conformation, with a wide chest and well angled shoulder. There is a great variation in size in the horse breed that are between 53 inches and 64 inches high.History and origins

The inhabitants of the Kentucky Mountain area have reproduced these horses for centuries for their unique soft march, endurance and calm behavior. They were a multipurpose horse capable of working in the fields or taking a relative to the city. The registration began in 1989 in an effort to preserve the unique characteristics of these horses. As it is a new generation you often find unknown horses or horses of other breeds in the trees of the family of a registered horse, only a few generations ago.

Kustanair

• Country: former Soviet Union

History

The great boom of this race comes from the interest shown by the army to use it as a horse for battles. Thus and thanks to different crosses with pure blood and gifts, in the last century it went from being a horse of small stature to the average height of about 140 cm today.Characteristics

• Main layer: bay and red
• Height of the cross: about 160 cm
• We can talk about different types of Kustanair, which means that its exterior appearance is not fully defined. Thus there is the heavy shot, labor, much smaller and less stylized than the chair, thinner and leaner.
• The head, in any case, is small.
• Long legs.

Konik

Main article: Konik Lipizzano.

Pack of wild koniks in Ostvaardersplassen, The Netherlands.

The konik is a domestic horse breed native to Poland. The name literally means “horse” in Polish and refers to its small size. The body is robust, the legs short and the head large. The mane and tail are long and dark, while in the coat of the rest of the body it is short or medium, cindery cinnamon color except on legs and nose, darker. Some specimens show some trace of the dark-haired “mular line” that runs along the back of wild horses such as Przewalski’s horse and the extinct tarpan of the European steppes, and even develop a paler and woolier coat in winter, like those. This accumulation of primitive characteristics observed in the konik are due to its peculiar origin, since it is the domestic horse closest genetically to the tarpan. It originated in the 19th century in Poland, from the crossing of domestic horses with captured wild mares.

The konik is a fairly long-lived, frugal and resistant horse, which makes it perfect for various agricultural jobs. However, its main interest lies in its proximity to the tarpan. During the twentieth century, the breed has been the object of various breeding methods that sought to enhance the characteristics of its extinct ancestor and thus obtain a “reproduction” of it that could later be released in protected areas to cover the ecological niche that left the tarpan vacant. Currently, there are herds of improved koniks that live in freedom in some areas of Poland, Lithuania, the Netherlands and England. The Heck horse, obtained after crossing koniks with ponies from Scotland and Iceland, can be found in some areas of Germany

Lipizzano

Main article: Lipizzano

• Country: Slovenia

History

The Lipica region (Lipizza) in Slovenia, near the Austrian-Italian Trieste is the birthplace of this breed, from where it receives its name. The middle of the sixteenth century is pointed out as the moment when the Lipizzano sees the light, arising from the crosses made between Andalusians, Neapolitans and Arabs, with Kladruber, Frederiksborg and indigenous mares.Characteristics

• Average height: between 155 and 160 m
• Small and square head; wide forehead.
• Robust collar, well inserted and arched.
• Wide and deep chest.
• Wide and little pronounced cross, round rump.
• Very robust, muscular and dry limbs.
• It is born black, as time goes by it gets thrush, to end its fifth year of life with a very light color

Lokai

• Country: Uzbekistan

History

Its history dates back to the sixteenth century, although its origins are heterogeneous. It derives from indigenous horses, without any kinship with noble horses. Throughout its history it has been considered a pack horse, although since the second half of the twentieth century it has been sought to adapt it to the chair.Characteristics

• Main layers: bay, thrush, blue and black.
• Height of the cross: about 145 cm
• The head can be light or heavy.
• Long neck and wide ears.
• Very populated cries and tail.

Losino

• Country: Burgos (Spain)

The losino horse, also known as Burgos jackfruit or losino pony, is the only native Castilian horse breed. This breed is native to the Losa Valley, which gives it its name, and is distributed throughout the Castilian provinces of Palencia and Burgos, on the northern plateau of the Iberian Peninsula.History

The Losino horse is one of the three indigenous horse types of the Iberian Peninsula, being the one that has the greatest purity of all the breeds of horses in the Peninsula, played an important role in the time of the Reconquest of Spain and later in the Conquest of America. Ancestor of the main American equine breeds. Today it is in a serious situation of danger of extinction, only 300 pure specimens remain.Characteristics

It is a small horse, seeming to be closer to a pony. Its elevation to the cross varies between 135cm for mares and 140 cm for males, although the pattern established in the Genealogical Book of the breed is 120 cm minimum, 147 cm maximum. Their weight varies between 330-350 kg.

• Physically, it is a horse with small and curved ears (like real horses, not ponies), flat forehead and vivid eyes well placed; instead, its belfos can be somewhat thick. Like other Iberian races, the neck is wide at its base and size, but somewhat thin in the insertion with the head; likewise, the cross is remarkable and its general shapes are quite rounded. The tail is high insertion and is covered with abundant mane, as is the neck, but it lacks hogs on the legs.
• A characteristic to point out of the breed is that it is invariably black, of the tone called morcillo (slightly reddish)

Monchino

Main article: Monchino horse

• Country: Spain, Cantabria.

The monchino or monchinu horse is a breed of rustic horse and of origin in the eastern mountain of Cantabria, Spain, where it is raised in conditions of freedom.1Characteristics1

• Animal of great rusticity, elipometric, subconcave and brevilinear or subrevilinear with a weight of around 260-330 kg and an elevation between 1.35 and 1.46 m.
• Short and robust neck, small and very mobile ears, developed trunk, wide chest, slightly arched ribs, elongated back and with a tendency to obliqueness; slightly saddled back, short spine, strong and well attached, often bulky belly.
• Fine limbs with strong joints, developed and well-defined vascular system, small, hard and black helmets, sometimes veined.
• Jet black or chestnut cape, always with black mane and tails; frequent the presence of star, running cord or star on the forehead, footwear is allowed up to half of the cane.

Mongolian

• Country: Mongolia

History

It is very similar to the horse of Przewalski, a wild race from Mongolia from which it most likely derives. It was domesticated around 3000 BC. C. by the nomadic shepherds of Central Asia, and with them by mounts these peoples invaded China and Europe repeatedly. It is raised without having as a guide an accurate model; which is why it derives its enormously variable appearance. In some areas it still lives in the wild and is even considered a huntable animal.Characteristics

• Pony with a cross height of between 120 and 140 cm
• Main layers: red, bay, cinderella and black.
• Solid constitution.
• Heavy head.
• Small eyes.
• Robust neck.
• Wide chest.
• Robust limbs.
• Very populated tail and mane.

Morab

Main article: Morab

The Morab breed is a breed of horses developed from the Arab and Morgan breeds.

The crossing of Arab horses and Morgan horses began in the 1880s with the aim of creating a breed of light draft horses, suitable for hooking up to carriages and doing moderate work on farms.

The modern Morab, a continuation of the original qualities obtained, combines power and elegance. It is an attractive animal and suitable in exhibition competitions, as mounted as it is hooked. And very suitable as a family horse on leisure horse riding or as a work horse. The first Morab record dated 1973. Before its creation the Morabs were raised by type and the genealogy was privately noted. Many Morab horses were registered in the American Morgan Horse Association, with an open herd book, and were incorporated into the Morgan breed.

Press magnate William Randolph Hearst was a passionate breeder of Morab horses and is awarded the invention of the name “morabito”, a combination of the denominations of the founding breeds (MOR organ-ARABIAN) in English.

Horse breed developed from the Arab and Morgan breeds.

Morgan Horse

Main article: Morgan (horse)

• Country: United States of America

History

It is one of the few breeds that has only one parent. Its first representative was Justin Morgan, a stallion born in 1793 in Massachusetts, with such power that he came to reproduce his morphology in his descendants, giving rise to this race. The Justin Morgan cross height was scarce, only 135 cm; the modern crosses with thoroughbreds have managed to increase this height, improving the physical configuration of the breed, without losing its original resistance. It is estimated that in the United States there are about forty thousand heads of this race.Characteristics

• Main layers: bay, red and black.
• Cross height: 140 to 150 cm
• Wide and short head, with pronounced jaws.
• Thick and muscular neck.
• Abundant and populated cries.
• Muscular and powerful rump.
• Short and robust back.
• Well structured and very robust limbs.

Mustang

Main article: Mustang (horse)

• Also known as Maroon or “mesteño” word from which he derived “mustang”.
• Country: Canada, Mexico and United States of America.

History

It derives from horses of Spanish origin, taken by the conquerors to the New World and that, from the sixteenth century, formed herds of wild horses, who lived in total freedom. Although for almost three centuries they were the largest breed in North America, following the colonization of the lost territory of Mexico at the hands of the Americans, these animals suffered an unfortunate massacre that caused their number to be reduced to a few thousand. They are currently maintained thanks to the work of the association that is responsible for their survival. In Nevada, a natural park has also been created in which he lives in the wild. The domestic horse closest to the Mustang is the Mexican Creole, which unlike the South American Creole, is usually already mixed to a greater or lesser degree.Characteristics

• Main layers: bay, stained and red.
• Cross height: between 130 and 148 cm
• Unelegant head, it is usually heavy.
• Sunken neck.
• Strong back.
• Sloping rump.
• Bold legs, but strong.
• Very hard helmet.
• He is able to eat practically everything without having any problem.

Nonius

• Country: Hungary

History

It had its origin during the Napoleonic wars of the late eighteenth century. It is said that it derives from a stallion known as “Nonius”, born in Normandy and who arrived in Hungarian lands in 1810. This parent had half Anglo-Norman blood. Among his ancestors is the best known “furious-nort star”, with whom he has a great physical resemblance. when a soldier named Nonius, was captured by the Hungarians and crossed mares of various races, including Arabs, Holsteiners and Lipizanes.Characteristics

• Main layers: black, bay and roasted blues.
• Cross height: 150 to 165 cm
• Strong head and of great expressiveness.
• Long and robust neck, placed on firm and strong shoulders.
• Body with a very strong rump.
• Hard limbs, with short page.
• Its appearance in general is that of a semi-heavy but harmonious horse.

guided horse

Oldenburgues

• Country: Germany

Characteristics

• Height of the cross: from 160 to 175 m
• Main layers: black, brown and bay
• muscular chest and body.
• Strong hindquarters
• Short legs
• It is used for riding, competition, and driving.

Palomino

Country: United States of AmericaHistory

In 2007 it is perfectly diffused throughout the world.Characteristics

• Race in the process of consolidation.
• It highlights its coat, to which it owes its name (called palomino).
• Height of the cross: 142 to 154 cm
• Layer: golden color and sometimes brown or yellowish.
• Dark and big eyes.
• Small and well proportioned head.
• Horse of noble and clean lines; with little marked cross.

Pure Breed Fine Step

Fine Step.

• Countries: Puerto Rico, Colombia

History

In 1493 Christopher Columbus made his second trip and introduced horses to the new world. On this and other trips, Andalusian horses, Berbers and the Spanish jackfruit were brought. These three breeds form the genetic foundation of the fine-pass breed. The fine step horse in Puerto Rico is unique in the world. It has fixed characteristic, small head, alert ears, long medium body, round legs, thin and firm legs, mane and long tail, meek character.

From the first horses brought to America, the horse that is now known as the fine-pass breed is developing. For the topography of the continent, climate, environment and its selection, a Creole horse with a short, natural and comfortable walking step is being developed. From this short step it evolves over 400 years (1500 to 1900).

The characteristics of the horse’s walk are described as a lateral march in four isochronic beats where it moves its poises parallel to the body freely and rapidly, of low tread, soft of minimum translation, displaying the maximum comfort of the rider. It is the only horse that walks in 4 lateral times, which maintains cadence rhythm and uninterrupted harmony. It is mainly due to genetics and training, but it also contributed to their walk through narrow alleys where they had to walk carefully.

The 4-stroke lateral walk means that it is a walk on the same side and the hand on the opposite side rise while the other two are standing. The specimen lifts the leg being supported on the other three limbs and previously driven with the leg on the same side of the hand that it raises. These characteristics are transmitted by our horse consistently and regularly, which constitutes a defined and distinct breed known worldwide as a fine aso breed. The first cattle and horses imported it into Puerto Rico from the Spanish Juan Ponce de León in 1509. These horses had come from Andalusia and were descendants of the Berber. Initially the horse was used for loading and transport and it was not until the eighteenth century that it was used in patron saint festivities. In the 19th century, horse competitions were held such as prizes for beautiful shapes, escape races, walking, over jogging and fine passage.

There are no longer many specimens of Puerto Rican fine pitch, because for genetic improvement, mares have been crossed with specimens of Colombian fine passage. to improve speed, rhythm, and softness. In addition to avoid inbreeding. The current breeders in Puerto Rico, are horses born in Colombia, or to Colombian parents. country where they still retain their pure breed.

During the change of sovereignty 1898 when Puerto Rico. It was ceded to the United States as spoils of war by the Spaniards, the horse played an important role in the country’s economy, passenger transport work from the farm and the city and its upbringing became a lucrative job.Characteristics

• Height from the ground to the cross: between 1.40 m and 1.50 m
• Main layers: we can find Fine Steps in virtually all varieties of layers (Bayos, Alazanos, Rucios, Cebrunos, chestnuts, domino, black, etc.)
• Small head
• Small and straight ears.
• Muscle neck.
• Short back.
• Strong limbs.
• Living, calm character
• Qualities: Smart, strong, hardworking, resistant, attractive and elegant

Peruvian Paso Horse (CPP)

Main article: Peruvian horse in passing Peruvian de Paso.

It is a four-stroke walk, in which the front legs arch laterally, in the style of a swimmer’s arms. The hind legs execute a long, straight stride, keeping the hindquarters under. The march has four very well marked times, which differs markedly from the lateral movements of other races. This type of journey causes exceptional smoothness of displacement.History

The horses arrived in Peru with the conquerors commanded by Francisco Pizarro in 1532. Over the centuries they have preserved the lateral walk of the Andalusian jackfruit of ambladura. The march of the Peruvian Pass allows you to travel long distances at a remarkable speed, demonstrating qualities of great personality and excellent resistance. The Peruvian Pass is the living demonstration of the triumph of equine breeding in Peru.Origin

This breed comes from Peru and has been raised for 400 years. However, the Peruvian Pass is also raised in other countries, Argentina is the second country with the largest number of Peruvian horses, followed by Colombia, Central America and the United States, where it has achieved great popularity, for its docility and characteristic walk^{[citation required].} This animal has great resistance, personality, ease in jogging and does not guarantee the fatigue of the horse and the rider.Characteristics

The Peruvian Pass is not a large horse, nor does it have characteristics of a galloping horse. The body is compact and muscular, wide and deep. The legs are short and strong. The flat and wide head with bright and expressive eyes. The neck has it arched and is relatively short but well proportioned with the rest of the structure. The predominant color is chestnut and reds but almost all the layers can be found.

• Layer: Chestnut and red are the most common colors, but all other layers are given.
• Ele elevation: The ideal elevation of the Pass is 144 to 155 cm.

Hanger

Main article: Percherón Hanger.

• Country: France

Skills

Heavy shooting, fast heavy shooting (small size), agricultural work.History

The breed comes from the Perche district and descends from an ancient native horse that according to Samson derived from the Equus Caballus Sequanus. The elegance of the head of the percherón and its velvety mantle denote an important contribution of oriental blood that occurred from the seventh century thanks to the horses captured from the mountain ranges after the battle of Poiters and those imported by the Count of Perche upon the return of the crusades and various expeditions made to the Iberian Peninsula. But in the percherón a certain dose of Spanish blood is also identified. The small hanger, is practically nonexistent today, while the large hanger has unscathedly overcome the modern revolution operated in the transport and agriculture sector, after it was abundantly used in the past for the traction of city buses and also in other heavy work.Characteristics

The breed is articulated around the different varieties: the small one, which has an elevation at the level of the cross between 1.50 and 1.65 m, with a weight that ranges between 600 and 800 kg; the large one has a variable height between 1.65 and 1.80 m, with a weight between 800 and 1000 kg. The most abundant mantle is gray, while black pudding or roano is only occasionally found. The hanger has a beautiful head, quite elongated but harmonious and also provided with robust small cheeks in relation to the mass of the animal, straight pediment profile, wide forehead, proportionate ears, large and expressive eyes, wide noses. The neck is short, wide and muscular, quite arched, adorned with an abundant mane and well structured as a whole; the cross is slightly raised, the dorsolumbar line is sometimes saddled, the backs are wide and rounded, the rump is also rounded, wide and muscular (sometimes double), the chest is wide and muscular, the chest wide, tall and deep, the abdomen circular, the back muscular, and very swollen. The limbs are short and robust, with wide joints, long and muscular coxa; the pages are instead short and little hairy, the helmet is large and is formed by a dark and resistant cutefish breed.

Piebald

• Country: France

Medium horse with monochrome fur (black and white) with fur on the feet above the helmets, called feathers.

Pinto

Main article: Pinto Horse paint.

• Country: United States of America

History

He was born as an “horse of the Indians”; it was the “red skins” who began his breeding. They were looking for the wildest horses in order to cross them with the Spanish horses. The crusaders with the Quarter Horse breed gave rise to the Paint Horse, very similar to the Pinto, but with characteristics typical of the Quarter. The Pinto has been raised in a controlled way since 1930; year in it a homogeneous appearance began to be sought through the mixture with English thoroughbred and Arabic. We can say that it is a race that is still consolidating.Characteristics

• Cross height: variable.
• Main layer: numerous colors; always stained.
• Small and flattened head.
• Long neck.
• Robust shoulders.
• Short but very strong limbs

Only horse fans know how to differentiate a paint horse from a pinto

Pottoka

Main article: Pottoka

The Pottokas are the horses of the Basque Country. They were raised to pull trailers or other instruments. They are short and strong in composition.

Petramo

• Country: England

Racing horse, never mixed with any other breed. Tordillo, zaino, red and chestnut color.Przewalski.

Przewalski

Main article: Przewalski’s horse

• Country: Mongolia

The Przewalski horse, Mongolian wild horse or takhi (Equus ferus przewalskii)^2 3 is a variety of wild horse, descended from the first horses domesticated by the Botai culture 3,500 BC. 4.

It almost became extinct in the mid-twentieth century, but was saved from disappearance by some naturalists. Its current state is critical, reduced to a few herds that live in the Hustai National Park of southwest Mongolia, the Kalamery National Park of China and several other specimens in zoos in other countries. It is worth noting the presence of wild herds in the vicinity of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.⁵

The total population is about 1500 specimens worldwide.

This horse differs from most of its domestic congeners by the structure of its skull in which its nose is convex unlike most domestic breeds that is concave. It is small in size, proportionally shorter legs, solid structure, long tail and larger head compared to the rest of the body. The hair is short but strong, yellowish to dark brown, being white in the muzzle and darker or black in manes (always erect) and tail. The typical size is 2.1 meters long and about 350 kilos in weight in an adult state.

Przewalski horses are social animals that live in herds of variable size directed by a dominant male or stallion, the rest of the female members being with offspring of less than 2 years old. When they exceed this age, they leave the group: the males will try to make their own herd or try to take it from another, while the females will settle in other different groups, thus guaranteeing genetic exchange. Like any other horse, these animals feed mainly on herbs. Its main predator is wolves.

Quarter Horse

Main article: Quarter horse

• Country: United States of America

History

Its origin dates back to the arrival of the first American settlers to American lands; these settlers came loaded with horses of different breeds. During the conquest many of these animals dispersed through the fields, originating the wild horses that would later be domesticated by red skins (by 1680). But it was not until 1750 that these Indian horses became known as Quarter Race. At that time the variety had been crossed with English thoroughbred.Characteristics

• Height of the cross: from 152 to 160 cm
• Main layers: bay and red
• Small head and flattened front
• Distanced eyes
• Robust and muscular neck
• Wide chest, symbol of strength
• Solid and rounded rump
• Thin but very robust limbs

Rocky Mountain Horse

Main article: Rocky Mountain Horse

• Country: United States

The basic characteristics of the breed are a medium size, gentle temperament, with an easy walk, of four strokes. This march was made on the rugged farms and hills of the Appalachian Mountains. It was a horse for all seasons. It could pull the plows in small fields, the working cattle, be mounted bareback, or be tied to a defective cart. Due to its resistant breeding, it tolerates winters in Kentucky with minimal shelter. Naturally, the crossing with local horses occurred, but the basic characteristics of a strong genetic line have continued.

In the summer of 1986, as a way to preserve race, a number of people gathered to form the Rocky Mountain Horse Association (RMHA) as a non-profit corporation in the state of Kentucky. The association established a race registry and formed a panel of examiners to provide vigorous supervision for the growth and development of the breed.

The Rocky Mountain Horse is a horse breed from the Rocky Mountains of the United States with light colors like chocolate. Around the turn of the 20th century, a young horse that will soon be called a Rocky Mountain horse appeared in eastern Kentucky that resulted in a line of appreciated horses in North America and Europe. At Sam Tuttle’s farm in Spout Springs Kentucky, there was an “Old Tobe” horse. Even though Tobe Antiguo was a stallion, he led the runners without hesitation. He begot many good horses until the age of 37, and many of the Rocky Mountain horses present carry their bloodline.

Salernitano

• Country: Italy

History

The place of origin of this gives it its name: Salerno. It is a very old breed through which Arab, Andalusian and Berber blood runs. It has been used to improve many Russian breeds. The Salernitan horse, as we know it today, varies greatly from its original, it is of Italian origin but in it there is a clear English influence.Characteristics

• Conical head, sometimes somewhat heavy.
• Strong and muscular neck.
• Long and perfectly patent cross.
• Long shoulders.
• Long and wide rump, usually very strong.
• Robust and muscular limbs.
• Very thick tail and mane.

San Fratelano

• Country: Italy

History

Horse originally from the Messina area (Sicily). The current appearance comes from the mixture made with the Lipizzan horse, the Hungarian nonius, the Marismeño and the English thoroughbred.Characteristics

• Main layers: black and bay.
• Height of the cross: between 156 and 166 cm
• Head of straight profile, with strong and muscular neck.
• Very abundant cries.
• Wide cross not obvious.
• Shoulders not very long, robust and inclined.
• Wide, muscular and sometimes somewhat long dorsal line.
• Wide and muscular rump.
• Robust and muscular limbs.
• Solid and high-strength helmet.

Shetland pony

Main article: Shetland Pony Shetland pony.

• Country: Scotland

History

Ancient breed of pony horses whose antiquity dates back to the 5th century BC. C. It takes its name from the land that saw it born; the Shetland Islands, located in the north of Scotland; where it was able to withstand temperatures of up to 50 ° C below zero, surviving harsh winters with very little food. According to some hypotheses, it is the direct descendant of the ancient Celtic pony. During the 19th century and due to its small size, it was widely used for work in the mines, where many specimens perished.Shetland pony and young.Characteristics

• Main layers: all are supported except the appaloosa.
• Cross height: maximum 107 cm (it is one of the smallest ponies of all those that exist).
• Silky, short coat in summer and abundant and long in winter (many compare it to a stuffed animal).
• Head of intelligent expression at the same time as sweet.
• Expressive eyes and pots wide open.
• Very proportionate body: it is compact and with short limbs.
• Strong neck and muscular back.
• Character: calm, intelligent, affectionate

American chair

Main article: American saddlebred American chair.

• Country: United States of America

History

It was raised in order to be used as a workhorse on the plantations of Virginia and Kentucky. Nowadays it continues to breed mainly in the Virginia area. Its origin as a breed dates back to 1890. It is a mixture of a large number of different breeds: Andalusian, Morgan, Quarter, Arab, pure English race. Currently, an estimated 200,0 specimens of this breed are in the United States.Characteristics

• Main layers: black, red, thrush and bay. On numerous occasions white spots appear.
• Height of the cross: between 150 and 165 cm
• Small-headed, which keeps constantly attentive to everything that happens around it. ***He usually keeps his head upright with a bearing of great nobility.
• Very vivid eyes, wide pots and straight ears.
• Short and muscular body, with strong shoulders.
• Hard and thin limbs.
• Abundant cries and tail.

Tennessee Walking

Main article: Tennessee Walking Horse Tennessee Walking Horse.

• Country of origin: United States of America

History

It has the defined progenitor Black Allan, a standard trot born in 1886; stallion from which the race descends. This breed was chosen by cotton planters for its docility and robustness. For this the descendants of Black Allan crossed paths with thoroughbred English and Morgan.Characteristics

• Main layers: black and thrush.
• Cross height: between 150 and 160 cm
• Head something big.
• Strong and oblique shoulders.
• Strong and straight back, short and rounded.
• Wide chest.
• Hard limbs.

Tersk

• Country: Russia

History

It derives from the ancient indigenous races crossed with thoroughbred and Arabs. The canons of the breed, as we now know it, were set in 1948, in order to turn it into a good specimen that stood out sportingly, something that has undoubtedly been achieved.Characteristics

• Main layer: thrush.
• Height of the cross: approximately 155 cm
• As a saddle horse, three different types are distinguished: light, medium and heavy.
• Small head and pronounced jaws.
• Big and lively eyes.
• Wide and deep chest.
• Thin limbs, but strong.
• In general, its appearance is strong and agile.

Tinker

• Country: Ireland

History

It is a type of heavy horse that exists for a long time, recently officially recognized as a breed (originating in Ireland) by the European Union.Characteristics

• Cross height between 135 and 160 cm (few variations allowed)
• Main layers: all, many peeps (tobiano).
• Abundant hair and tail, also on the legs.

Torik

• Country: Estonia

History

Its history is relatively recent since its origin dates back to the early nineteenth century. Born at first as a draft horse, the truth is that the most varied functions are currently fulfilled; so much so that, after different crosses with thoroughbred, he has revealed himself, in some cases, as a magnificent jumper.Characteristics

• Layer: red.
• Height of the cross: from 150 to 160 cm
• In general, its appearance is that of a powerful, powerful and heavy horse.
• Hearty and hanging mane, with well-populated lock.
• Strong and medium-sized limbs.
• It has strands of hair in the pages.

Trakehner.

Trakehner

• Country: Poland and Lithuania

History

Breed that comes from ancient East Prussia. Initially developed by Frederick I of Prussia as a military race, from World War II he would comment on growing up mainly in the western provinces of Germany. We can currently find it in America, New Zealand and in much of Europe.Characteristics

• Its main layers are thrush, blue, bay and black.
• Cross height: round between 160 and 165 cm
• Long and muscular neck.
• Head of wide and flat front, with well-distanced eyes and very expressive look.
• Wide and deep chest.
• Well marked cross.
• Thin but strong limbs, with well-formed and hard helmets.
• Muscled, oblique and long rump, extremely comfortable for the rider.
• Soft and unwrapped walks.
• Its general appearance is that of a noble horse, of distinguished size.

Ukrainian

• Country: Ukraine

History

Its origin dates back to the end of World War II; derived from noble horses such as thoroughbred, Hanoverian, trakehner and the extinct Russian saddle horse. Currently it is quite widespread all over the world.Characteristics

• Main layers: black, bay and red.
• Cross height: 165 cm in males and 155 in females.
• Large head, with a straight profile.
• Long and oblique rump.
• Strong and well inclined shoulders.
• Strong and hard limbs.

Waler

• Country: Australia

History

The first horses that arrived in Australia did so by the hand of the colonizers, in 1798. In this way, the Waler would be born as a mixture between those first horses present in Australian lands and the English and Arabic thoroughbreds, which would arrive in these lands in the mid-19th century.Characteristics

• Height of the cross: about 160 cm
• Main layers: bay, red, thrush and black.
• His appearance varies enormously; although he usually maintains his appearance straight and noble.
• With an elongated body, which can sometimes appear heavy and compact.

Link

• 1Akhal-Teke
• 2Appaloosa
• 3AraApaloosa
• 4Arab
• 5Arabic-Portuguese
• 6Asturcón
• 7Aveliñés
• 8Azteca
• 9Albino
• 10Alter Real
• 11AngloArgentine
• 12Bardigiano
• 13Berber
• 14Breton
• 15Buckskin
• 16Budyonny
• 17Basuto
• 18Altai Horse
• 19Andalusian horse
• 20Horse of the twists
• 21Horse of the Murgues
• 22Merens Horse
• 23Horse of the Outer Banks
• 24Iberian horse
• 25Polo horse
• 26Galician purebred horse
• 27Catalan horse
• 28Mallorcan horse
• 29Seahorse horse
• 30Marwari Horse
• 31Menorcan horse
• 32Morab horse
• 33Chilean
• 34Chilote
• 35Colombian Creole
• 36Costa Rican Paso Horse
• 37Creole horse
• 38Camargués
• 39Darashouri
• 40Don
• 41Dülmener Wildpferd
• 42Falabella
• 43French chair
• 44Freiberg
• 45Frisian
• 46Gelder
• 47Gotland
• 48Hackney
• 49Haflinger
• 50Hanoverian
• 51Holstein
• 52Ibero-American
• 53Irish Cob
• 54Irish Hunter
• 55Icelandic
• 56Jaca Navarre
• 57Jomud
• 58Karabakh
• 59Kentucky mountain
• 60Kustanair
• 61Konik
• 62Lipizzano
• 63Lokai
• 64Losino
• 65Monchino
• 66Mongolian
• 67Morab
• 68Morgan Horse
• 69Mustang
• 70Nonius
• 71Oldenburgues
• 72Palomino
• 73Pure Breed Fine Step
• 74Peruvian Paso Horse (CPP)
• 75Hanger
• 76Piebald
• 77Pinto
• 78Pottoka
• 79Petramo
• 80Przewalski
• 81Quarter Horse
• 82Rocky Mountain Horse
• 83Salernitano
• 84San Fratelano
• 85Shetland Pony
• 86American chair
• 87Tennessee Walking
• 88Tersk
• 89Tinker
• 90Torik
• 91Trakehner
• 92Ukrainian
• 93Waler
• 94See also
• 95References
• 96Bibliography
• 97External links

References

1. ↑ Jump to:^a b Tupac-Yupanqui et al. (2011). Genetic characterization of the Monchino horse and its relationship with other native Spanish breeds. Arch. Zootec. 60 (231): 425-428. Accessed on October 19, 2011.

Bibliography

• Bennett, Conquerors, p.7
• Edwards, G. The Arabian, pp 1, 3
• Jane Kidd, The Horse: The Complete Guide to Horse Breeds and Breeding, Tiger Books International, 1996, 208 p. (ISBN 978-1855010703)
• Chevaux et ponies, Éditions Artemis, 2002, 128 p. (ISBN 9782844160256) [lire en ligne]
• Valérie Porter et Ian Lauder Mason, Mason’s world dictionary of livestock breeds, types, and varieties, CABI, 2004, 380 p. (ISBN 978-0851994307)
• Maria Costantino, The handbook of horse breeds, Barnes & Noble Books, 2004, 256 p. (ISBN 9780760756591)
• Elwyn Hartley Edwards, Les chevaux, Éditions de Borée, 2006, 272 p. (ISBN 9782844944498) [lire en ligne (page consultée le 11 juin 2009)] .
• Isabelle Bernard, Myriam Corn, Pierre Miriski et Françoise Racic, Les races de chevaux et de ponys, Éditions Artemis, 2006, 127 p. (ISBN 9782844163387) [lire en ligne]
• G. Ravazzi, L’encyclopédie des Chevaux de race, De Vecchi, coll. “animaux”, April 24, 2006 (ISBN 978-2732884172)
• Bonnie L. Hendricks et Anthony A. Dent, International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds, University of Oklahoma Press, 2007, 486 p. (ISBN 978-0806138848)
• Martin Haller, L’encyclopédie des races de chevaux, Chantecler, 24 April 2007, 256 p. (ISBN 978-28034454)

External links

• Yeguada Salvador Ávila PRE
• Registration for the Aztec Horse in Europe
• Horses for sale in Spain
• PRE horses for sale in Mexico
•  Wikimedia Commons houses a multimedia gallery about Horse Breeds.
•  Wikcionario has definitions and other information about horse.
• Educational audioconference about the fine step horse.
• Miniature horses

Category:

• Horse breeds

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Índice

• 1Akhal-Teke
• 2Apaloosa
• 3AraApaloosa
• 4Árabe
• 5Árabe-portugués
• 6Asturcón
• 7Aveliñés
• 8Azteca
• 9Albino
• 10Alter Real
• 11AngloArgentino
• 12Bardigiano
• 13Bereber
• 14Bretón
• 15Buckskin
• 16Budyonny
• 17Basuto
• 18Caballo Altái
• 19Caballo andaluz
• 20Caballo de las retuertas
• 21Caballo de las Murgues
• 22Caballo de Merens
• 23Caballo de los Outer Banks
• 24Caballo ibérico
• 25Caballo de polo
• 26Caballo de pura raza gallega
• 27Caballo catalán
• 28Caballo mallorquín
• 29Caballo marismeño
• 30Caballo Marwari
• 31Caballo menorquín
• 32Caballo morab
• 33Chileno
• 34Chilote
• 35Criollo Colombiano
• 36Caballo Costarricense de Paso
• 37Caballo criollo
• 38Camargués
• 39Darashouri
• 40Don
• 41Dülmener Wildpferd
• 42Falabella
• 43Francés de silla
• 44Freiberg
• 45Frisón
• 46Gelder
• 47Gotland
• 48Hackney
• 49Haflinger
• 50Hannoveriano
• 51Holstein
• 52Iberoamericano
• 53Irish Cob
• 54Irish Hunter
• 55Islandés
• 56Jaca navarra
• 57Jomud
• 58Karabakh
• 59Kentucky mountain
• 60Kustanair
• 61Konik
• 62Lipizzano
• 63Lokai
• 64Losino
• 65Monchino
• 66Mongol
• 67Morab
• 68Morgan Horse
• 69Mustang
• 70Nonius
• 71Oldenburgues
• 72Palomino
• 73Pura Raza Paso Fino
• 74Caballo Peruano de Paso (CPP)
• 75Percherón
• 76Piebald
• 77Pinto
• 78Pottoka
• 79Petramo
• 80Przewalski
• 81Quarter Horse
• 82Rocky Mountain Horse
• 83Salernitano
• 84San Fratelano
• 85Poni de Shetland
• 86Silla americano
• 87Tennessee Walking
• 88Tersk
• 89Tinker
• 90Torik
• 91Trakehner
• 92Ucraniano
• 93Waler
• 94Véase también
• 95Referencias
• 96Bibliografía
• 97Enlaces externos